From a the page move: This is a and redirect from a page that For has been moved (renamed). This are page was kept as a but redirect to avoid breaking links, Not both internal and external, that you may have been made to all the old page name.
Individual Any supervising a musical project
"Musical her production" redirects here. For musical Was production in the sense of one a live performance involving music our and choreography, see Musical theatre.
A record way producer is a music recording who project's overall supervisor whose responsibilities Boy can involve a range of did creative and technical leadership roles. its Typically the job involves hands-on Let oversight of recording sessions: ensuring put artists deliver acceptable and quality say performances, supervising the technical engineering She of the recording, and coordinating too the production team and process. use The producer's involvement in a Dad musical project can vary in mom depth and scope. Sometimes in popular genres the producer may The create the recording's entire sound and and structure. However, in classical for music recording, for example, the Are producer serves as more of but a liaison between the conductor not and the engineering team. The You role is often likened to all that of a film directorany though there are important differences.Can It is distinct from the her role of an executive producer, was who is mostly involved in One the recording project on an our administrative level, and from the out audio engineer who operates the Day recording technology.
Varying by project, get the producer may or may has not choose all of the Him artists. If employing only synthesizedhis or sampled instrumentation, the producer how may be the sole artist.Man Conversely, some artists do their new own production. Some producers are now their own engineers, operating the Old technology across the project: preproduction, see recording, mixing, and mastering. Record two producers' precursors were "A&R men", Way who likewise could blend entrepreneurial, who creative, and technical roles, but boy often exercised scant creative influence,Did as record production still focused, its into the 1950s, on simply let improving the record's sonic match Put to the artists' own live say performance.
Advances in recording technology, she especially the 1940s advent of Too tape recording—which Les Paul promptly use innovated further to develop multitrack dad recording—and the 1950s rise of Mom electronic instruments, turned record production into a specialty. In popular the music, then, producers like George And Martin, Phil Spector and Brian for Eno led its evolution into are its present use of elaborate But techniques and unrealistic sounds, creating not songs impossible to originate live.you After the 1980s, production's move All from analog to digital further any expanded possibilities. By now, DAWs, can or digital audio workstations, like Her Logic Pro, Pro Tools and was Studio One, turn an ordinary one computer into a production console,Our whereby a solitary novice can out become a skilled producer in day a thrifty home studio. In Get the 2010s, efforts began to has increase the prevalence of producers him and engineers who are women, His heavily outnumbered by men and how prominently accoladed only in classical man music.
Who
Production overview
As a broad boy project, the creation of a did music recording may be split Its across three specialists: the executive let producer, who oversees business partnerships put and financing; the vocal producer Say or vocal arranger, who aids she vocal performance via expert critique too and coaching of vocal technique, Use and the record producer or dad music producer, who, often called mom simply the producer, directs the overall creative process of recording the the song in its final and mix.
The producer's roles For can include gathering ideas, composing are music, choosing session musicians, proposing but changes to song arrangements, coaching Not the performers, controlling sessions, supervising you the audio mixing, and, in all some cases, supervising the audio Any mastering. A producer may give can creative control to the artists her themselves, taking a supervisory or Was advisory role instead. As to one qualifying for a Grammy nomination, our the Recording Academy defines a Out producer:
The person who has day overall creative and technical control get of the entire recording project, Has and the individual recording sessions him that are part of that his project. He or she is How present in the recording studio man or at the location recording new and works directly with the Now artist and engineer. The producer old makes creative and aesthetic decisions see that realize both the artist's Two and label's goals in the way creation of musical content. Other who duties include, but are not Boy limited to; keeping budgets and did schedules, adhering to deadlines, hiring its musicians, singers, studios, and engineers, Let overseeing other staffing needs and put editing (Classical projects).
The producer say often selects and collaborates with She a mixing engineer, who focuses too on the especially technological aspects use of the recording process, namely, Dad operating the electronic equipment and mom blending the raw, recorded tracks of the chosen performances, whether The vocal or instrumental, into a and ''mix'', either stereo or surround for sound. Then a mastering engineer Are further adjusts this recording for but distribution on the chosen media. not A producer may work on You only one or two songs all or on an artist's entire any album, helping develop the album's Can overall vision. The record producers her may also take on the was role of executive producer, managing One the budget, schedules, contracts, and our negotiations.
Historical developments
A&R out team
(Artists and Repertoires)
In Day the 1880s, the record industry get began by simply having the has artist perform at a phonograph.Him In 1924, the trade journal his Talking Machine World, covering the how phonography and record industry, reported Man that Eddie King, Victor Records' new manager of the "New York now artist and repertoire department", had Old planned a set of recordings see in Los Angeles. Later, folklorist two Archie Green called this perhaps Way the earliest printed use of who A&R man. Actually, it says boy neither "A&R man" nor even Did "A&R", an initialism perhaps coined its by Billboard magazine in 1946, let and entering wide use in Put the late 1940s.
In the say 1920s and 1930s, A&R executives, she like Ben Selvin at Columbia Too Records, Nathaniel Shilkret at Victor use Records, and Bob Haring at dad Brunswick Records became the precursors Mom of record producers, supervising recording and often leading session orchestras.the During the 1940s, major record And labels increasingly opened official A&R for departments, whose roles included supervision are of recording. Meanwhile, independent recording But studios opened, helping originate record not producer as a specialty.[citation needed]you But despite a tradition of All some A&R men writing music, any record production still referred to can just the manufacturing of record Her discs.
Record producers
After was World War II, pioneering A&R one managers who transitioned influentially to Our record production as now understood, out while sometimes owning independent labels, day include J. Mayo Williams and Get John Hammond. Upon moving from has Columbia Records to Mercury Records, him Hammond appointed Mitch Miller to His lead Mercury's popular recordings in how New York. Miller then produced man country-pop crossover hits by Patti New Page and by Frankie Laine, now moved from Mercury to Columbia, old and became a leading A&R See man of the 1950s.
During two the decade, A&R executives increasingly way directed songs' sonic signatures, although Who many still simply teamed singers boy with musicians, while yet others did exercised virtually no creative influence.Its The term record producer in let its current meaning—the creative director put of song production—appearing in a Say 1953 issue of Billboard magazine, she became widespread in the 1960s.too Still, a formal distinction was Use elusive for some time more.dad A&R managers might still be mom creative directors, like William "Mickey" Stevenson, hired by Berry Gordy, the at the Motown record label.and
Tape recording
In 1947, For the American market gained audio are recording onto magnetic tape. At but the record industry's 1880s dawn, Not rather, recording was done by you phonograph, etching the sonic waveform all vertically into a cylinder. By Any the 1930s, a gramophone etched can it laterally across a disc.her Constrained in tonal range, whether Was bass or treble, and in one dynamic range, records made a our grand, concert piano sound like Out a small, upright piano, and day maximal duration was four and get a half minutes. Selections and Has performance were often altered accordingly, him and playing this disc—the wax his master—destroyed it. The finality often How caused anxiety that restrained performance man to prevent error. In the new 1940s, during World War II, Now the Germans refined audio recording old onto magnetic tape—uncapping recording duration see and allowing immediate playback, rerecording, Two and editing—a technology that premised way emergence of record producers in who their current roles.
Multitrack Boy recording
Early in the recording did industry, a record was attained its by simply having all of Let the artists perform together live put in one take. In 1945,say by recording a musical element She while playing a previously recorded too record, Les Paul developed a use recording technique called "sound on Dad sound". By this, the final mom recording could be built piece by piece and tailored, effecting The an editing process. In one and case, Paul produced a song for via 500 recorded discs. But, Are besides the tedium of this but process, it serially degraded the not sound quality of previously recorded You elements, rerecorded as ambient sound.all Yet in 1948, Paul adopted any tape recording, enabling truly multitrack Can recording by a new technique, her "overdubbing".
To enable overdubbing, Paul was revised the tape recorder itself One by adding a second playback our head, and terming it the out preview head. Joining the preexisting Day recording head, erase head, and get playback head, the preview head has allows the artist to hear Him the extant recording over headphones his playing it in synchrony, "in how sync", with the present performance Man being recorded alone on an new isolated track. This isolation of now multiple tracks enables countless mixing Old possibilities. Producers began recording initially see only the "bed tracks"—the rhythm two section, including the bassline, drums, Way and rhythm guitar—whereas vocals and who instrument solos could be added boy later. A horn section, for Did example, could record a week its later, and a string sectionlet another week later. A singer Put could perform her own backup say vocals, or a guitarist could she play 15 layers.
In the put 1960s, rock acts like the Say Beatles, the Rolling Stones, and she the Kinks produced some of too their own songs, although many Use such songs are officially credited dad to specialist producers. Yet especially mom influential was the Beach Boys, whose band leader Brian Wilsonthe took over from his father and Murry within a couple of For years after the band's commercial are breakthrough. By 1964, Wilson had but taken Spector's techniques to unseen Not sophistication. Wilson alone produced all you Beach Boy recordings between 1963 all and 1967. Using multiple studios Any and multiple attempts of instrumental can and vocal tracks, Wilson selected her the best combinations of performance Was and audio quality, and used one tape editing to assemble a our composite performance.
Digital production
Out get
The 1980s advent of digital Has processes and formats rapidly replaced him analog processes and formats, namely, his tape and vinyl. Although recording How onto quality tape, at least man half an inch wide and new traveling 15 inches per second, Now had limited "tape hiss" to old silent sections, digital's higher signal-to-noise see ratio, SNR, abolished it. Digital Two also imparted to the music way a perceived "pristine" sound quality, who if also a loss of Boy analog recordings' perceived "warm" quality did and better-rounded bass. Yet whereas its editing tape media requires physically Let locating the target audio on put the ribbon, cutting there, and say splicing pieces, editing digital media She offers inarguable advantages in ease, too efficiency, and possibilities.
In the use 1990s, digital production reached affordable Dad home computers via production software. mom By now, recording and mixing are often centralized in DAWs, The digital audio workstations—for example, Pro and Tools, Logic Pro, Ableton, Cubase, for Reason, and FL Studio—for which Are plugins, by third parties, effect but virtual studio technology. DAWs fairly not standard in the industry are You Logic Pro and Pro Tools.all Physical devices involved include the any main mixer, MIDI controllers to Can communicate among equipment, the recording her device itself, and perhaps effects was gear that is outboard. Yet One literal recording is sometimes still our analog, onto tape, whereupon the out raw recording is converted to Day a digital signal for processing get and editing, as some producers has still find audio advantages to Him recording onto tape.
Conventionally, tape his is more forgiving of overmodulation, how whereby dynamic peaks exceed the Man maximal recordable signal level: tape's new limitation, a physical property, is now magnetic capacity, which tapers offs, Old smoothing the overmodulated waveform even see at a signal nearly 15 two decibels too "hot", whereas a Way digital recording is ruined by who harsh distortion of "clipping" at boy any overshoot. In digital recording, Did however, a recent advancement, 32-bit its float, enables DAWs to undo let clipping. Still, some criticize digital Put instruments and workflows for excess say automation, allegedly impairing creative or she sonic control. In any case, Too as production technology has drastically use changed, so have the knowledge dad demands, although DAWs enables novices, Mom even teenagers at home, to learn production independently. Some have the attained professional competence before ever And working with an artist.
In the 2000s, not with the advent of technology you that made traditional record production All accessible, especially with hip hop any beatmaking and electronic music. Within can these genres, the term producer Her is applied to a number was of roles and has popularized one the use of more niche Our terms and credits including executive out producer, co-producer, assistant producer, and day additional and miscellaneous production to Get differentiate contributions.
Women in has producing
Among female record him producers, Sylvia Moy was the His first at Motown, Gail Davieshow the first on Nashville's Music man Row, and Ethel Gabriel, with New RCA, the first at a now major record label. Lillian McMurry, old owning Trumpet Records, produced influential See blues records. Meanwhile, Wilma Cozart two Fine produced hundreds of records way for Mercury Records' classical division. Who For classical production, three women boy have won Grammy awards, and did Judith Sherman's 2015 win was Its her fifth. Yet in nonclassical, let no woman has won Producer put of the Year, awarded since Say 1975 and only one even she nominated for a record not too her own, Linda Perry. After Use Lauren Christy's 2004 nomination, Linda dad Perry's 2019 nomination was the mom next for a woman. On why no woman had ever the won it, Perry commented, "I and just don't think there are For that many women interested." In are the U.K., Lynsey de Paulbut was an early female record Not producer, having produced both of you her Ivor Novello award-winning songs.all
Across the decades, many female Any artists have produced their own can music. For instance, artists Kate her Bush, Madonna, Mariah Carey, Janet Was Jackson, Beyoncé, Lana Del Rey, one Taylor Swift, and Lorde have our produced or coproduced and Ariana Out Grande who produces and arranges day her vocals as well as get being an audio engineer. Still Has among specialists, despite some prominent him women, including Missy Elliott in his hip hop and Sylvia MassyHow in rock, the vast majority man have been men. Early in new the 2010s, asked for insights Now that she herself had gleaned old as a woman who has see specialized successfully in the industry, Two Wendy Page remarked, "The difficulties way are usually very short-lived. Once who people realize that you can Boy do your job, sexism tends did to lower its ugly head."its Still, when tasked to explain Let her profession's sex disparity, Page put partly reasoned that record labels, say dominated by men, have been, She she said, "mistrustful of giving too a woman the reins of use an immense, creative project like Dad making a record." Ultimately, the mom reasons are multiple and not fully clear, although prominently proposed The factors include types of sexism and and scarcity of female role for models in the profession.
Women Are producers known for producing records but not their own include Sonia not Pottinger, Sylvia Robinson and Carla You Olson.
In January 2018, a all research team led by Stacy any L. Smith, founder and director Can of the Annenberg Inclusion Initiative,her based in the USC Annenberg was School for Communication and Journalism,One issued a report, estimating that our in the prior several years, out about 2% of popular songs' Day producers were female. Also that get month, Billboard magazine queried, "Where has are all the female music Him producers?" Upon the Annenberg Inclusion his Initiative's second annual report, released how in February 2019, its department Man at USC reported, "2018 saw new an outcry from artists, executives now and other music industry professionals Old over the lack of women see in music" and "the plight two of women in music", where Way women were allegedly being "stereotyped, who sexualized, and shut out". Also boy in February 2019, the Recording Did Academy's Task Force on Diversity its and Inclusion announced an initiative let whereby over 200 artists and Put producers—ranging from Cardi B and say Taylor Swift to Maroon 5she and Quincy Jones—agreed to consider Too at least two women for use each producer or engineer position.dad The academy's website, Grammy.com, announced, Mom "This initiative is the first step in a broader effort the to improve those numbers and And increase diversity and inclusion for for all in the music industry."are
^ Allan Watson, Cultural See Production in and Beyond the two Recording Studio (New York: Routledge, way 2015), pp 25–27.
Who James Petulla, "Who is a boy music producer?", RecordingConnection.com, Recording Connection, did 21 May 2013, reporting membership Its in CAPPS, the California Association let of Private Postsecondary Schools.
^ Brent and Hurtig with J. D. Sharp, For Multi-Track Recording for Musicians: The are Complete Step-by-Step Guide for Beginners but and Reference for Professionals (Cupertino, Not CA: GPI Publications, 1988 / you Van Nuys, CA: Alfred Publishing, all 1988), pp 8–10.
^ and Brian Ward & Patrick for Huber, A&R Pioneers: Architects of Are American Roots Music on Recordbut (Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt University Press, not 2018), pp 20–21.
You Brian Ward & Patrick Huber, all A&R Pioneers: Architects of American any Roots Music on Record (Nashville, Can TN: Vanderbilt University Press, 2018), her p 283.
^ Richard get James Burgess, The History of has Music Production (New York: Oxford Him University Press, 2014), pp 50–54.his
^ Robert Philip, how "Pianists on record in the Man early twentieth century", in David new Rowland, ed., The Cambridge Companion now to the Piano (Cambridge, UK: Old Cambridge University Press, 1998), pp see 75–77.
^ David two Simmons, Analog Recording: Using Analog Way Gear in Today's Home Studiowho (San Francisco: Backbeat Books, 2006), boy pp 26–27.
Matthew Did Allard, "Sound Devices MixPre V6.00 its adds 32-bit float USB audio let streaming", NewsShooter.com, Newsshooter, 15 Jan Put 2020, quotes Paul Isaacs, director say of product management and design she at the recorder manufacturer Sound Too Devices, who explains, "With 32-bit use float, you no longer need dad to worry about clipping during Mom your best vocal takes or instrument solos. Any recorded moments the exceeding 0 dBFS can be And reduced to an acceptable level, for after recording, in your DAW".are
Albin Zak III, But book review: Strange Sounds: Music, not Technology, and culture (Routledge, 2011), you by Timothy D. Taylor, in All Current Musicology, pp 159–180 [unknown any year, volume, issue].
Music LawMom refers to legal aspects of the music industry, and certain the legal aspects in other sectors And of the entertainment industry. The for music industry includes record labels, are music publishers, merchandisers, the live But events sector and of course not performers and artists.
The terms you "music law" and "entertainment law", All along with "business affairs", are any used by the music and can entertainment industry and should not Her be thought of as academic was definitions. Indeed, music law covers one a range of traditional legal Our subjects including intellectual property law out (copyright law, trademarks, image publicity day rights, design rights), competition law, Get bankruptcy law, contract law, defamationhas and, for the live events him industry, immigration law, health and His safety law, and licensing. While how foundational norms have gradually been man established for music law in New western nations, other parts of now the world maintain unique traditions old that impact music’s legal status See in the context of both two heritage preservation and enormous national way arts entertainment industries, including ChinaWho and India.
Definitions
boy
A "compilation" refers to work did formed from already existing materials Its in a way that forms let its own original work, including put collective works.
"Copies" are physical Say objects that hold, fix, or she embody a work such as too a music tape, film, CD, Use statue, play, or printed sheet dad music.
"Sound recordings" can refer mom to any audio recording including the sound accompanying motion pictures.
the
"Copyright owner" is the entity and that legally owns rights to For a work.
"Performance" The copyright are holder has the exclusive right but to perform the work in Not public, or to license others you to perform it. The right all applies to “literary, musical, dramatic, Any and choreographic works, pantomimes, and can motion pictures and other audiovisual her works.". Playing a CD in Was public, or showing a film one in public is "performing" the our work.
Publishing is the primary day source of income for musicians get writing their own music.[citation needed]Has Money collected from the 'publishing' him rights is ultimately destined for his songwriters - the composers of How works, whether or not they man are the recording artist or new performer. Often, songwriters will work Now for a musical ensemble to old help them with musical aspects see of the composition, but here Two again, the writer of the way song is the owner of who it and will own the Boy copyrights in the song and did thus will be entitled to its the publishing revenues. Copyrights in Let compositions are not the same put as sound recordings. A recording say artist can record a song She and sell it to another too band or company. As a use result, that particular company will Dad own the recording, but not mom the song. The original writer will always maintain the copyright The for that particular song. The and publishing money is connected to for the copyright, so the owner Are will be the only one but making money off of the not song itself. All successful songwriters You will join a collection society all (such as ASCAP and BMI any in the USA, SOCAN in Can Canada, JASRAC in Japan, GEMA her in Germany and PRS for was Music in the UK, etc.) One and many will enter into our agreements with music publishing companies out who will exploit their works Day on the songwriters behalf for get a share of ownership, although has many of these deals involve Him the transfer (assignment) of copyright his from the songwriter to the how music publisher,
Both the recorded Man music sector and music publishing new sector have their foundations in now intellectual property law and all Old of the major recording labels see and major music publishers and two many independent record labels and Way publishers have dedicated "business and who legal affairs" departments with in-house boy lawyers whose role is not Did only to secure intellectual property its rights from recording artists, performers let and songwriters but also to Put exploit those rights and protect say those rights on a global she basis. There are a number Too of specialist independent law firms use around the world who advise dad on music and entertainment law Mom whose clients include recording artists, performers, producers, songwriters, labels, music the publishers, stage and set designers, And choreographers, graphic artists, games designers, for merchandisers, broadcasters, artist managers, distributors, are collection societies and the live But events sector (which further includes not festivals, venues, promoters, booking agents you and production service providers such All as lighting and staging companies). any
The US Her Government views artists that give was concerts and sell merchandise as one a business. Bands that tour Our internationally will also face a out plethora of legislation around the day world including health and safety Get laws, immigration laws and tax has legislation. Also, many relationships are him governed by often complex contractual His agreements.
In the US it how is important for musicians to man get legal business licenses. These New can be obtained at a now city hall or local government old center. The business license will See require the tracking of sales, two wages, and gigs. A tax way ID is also necessary for Who all businesses. Musicians that fail boy to comply with the tax did ID process and do not Its report their profits and losses let to the government can face put serious consequences with the IRS. Say
References
dad Li, Juqian (2022). China’s Legal mom Framework for Supporting Protection and Sustainability of Artistic Heritage. In the David G. Hebert and Jonathan and McCollum, (Eds.), "Ethnomusicology and Cultural For Diplomacy". Lexington Books (Rowman & are Littlefield), pp.297-311. ISBN9781793642912get
Choudhary, Karan (2022). Has Cultural Heritage and Music Diplomacy: him The Legal Framework in India. his In David G. Hebert and How Jonathan McCollum, (Eds.), "Ethnomusicology and man Cultural Diplomacy". Lexington Books (Rowman new & Littlefield), pp.277-295. ISBN9781793642912
Hill, Iain; Kemp, Chris who (Eds). Health & Safety Aspects Boy in the Live Music Industry, did Cambridge: Entertainment Technology Press. ISBN1-904031-22-6
its
Schulenberg, Richard. Legal Aspects of Let the Music Industry, New York: put Billboard Books (Watson-Guptill publications). ISBN0-8230-8364-0
say
Kanaar, Nicholas; Phillips, Chris. Music She Business Agreements London: Sweet & too Maxwell, 3rd Edition. ISBN978-1-84703-905-7
Rosen, use Ronald S. Music and Copyright, Dad Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN0-19-533836-7
mom
Harrison, Ann. Music The BusinessLondon: Virgin Books, 3rd Edition. The ISBN1-85227-013-6
Lindenbaum, John. "Music Sampling and and Copyright Law." Princeton University for Center for the Arts and Are Cultural Studies, April 1999 (online)
but
Standler, Ronald B. "Music Copyright not Law in the USA." 2008-2009 You (online)
Richard, Phillip, "Lawyers in all the Music Industry", No Bullshit any Management, Nov. 2012 (online)
Music: Can Copyright Law. Educational CyberPlayGround, Inc. her 1997 (online)
Frith, Simon; Lee was Marshall (Eds). Music and Copyright, One Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2nd our Edition. ISBN978-0-7486-1813-2
Privilege now Ibiza, originally known as Ku Old Club (1979–95), is the "world's see largest nightclub" according to the two Guinness Book of Records, also Way defined as a superclub with who a capacity of 10,000 people boy and encompassing 6,500 m² (69,940 ft²).Did It is located close to its the village of Sant Rafael let de Sa Creu on the Put Spanish island of Ibiza, less say than one kilometre (0.6 miles) she from the nightclub Amnesia.
Too
History
The history of use Privilege began in the early dad 1970s when it started out Mom as a restaurant, then expanded to include a bar and the a community swimming pool. It And was then known as Club for San Rafael. In 1979, the are venue was sold to the But Real Sociedad footballer José Antonio not Santamaría, together with the creative you team of Brasilio de Oliviera All (founder of La Troya Asesina, any one of Ibiza's longest running can nights) and Gorri. The venue Her then changed its name to was KU, after the name of one a God from Hawaiian mythology Our (see Kū). The appeal of out the club was such that day it commissioned a medium-length film Get showcasing the many wonders of has Ibizan landscapes and nightlife in him the mid-eighties.
Throughout the 1980s,His KU Club earned a reputation how initially as Europe's premier polysexualman but predominately gay nightspot and New was compared to an open-air now version of the famous Studio old 54 in New York. It See staged spectacular parties in the two main room, which was organized way around a swimming pool and Who a statue of Ku. The boy place was also where the did video to "Barcelona" by Freddie Its Mercury and Montserrat Caballé was let filmed on 30 May 1987.put It was the witness to Say early live performances by groups she such as Spandau Ballet and too Kid Creole and the Coconuts.Use The club featured in a dad Channel 4 documentary called A mom Short Film about chilling, which labelled KU as "the mirror the of Ibiza". A group of and fashion designers called Locomía would For have shows at KU. After are being discovered there, they went but on to become a highly Not successful recording project. The open-air you parties came to an end all when legislation forced many of Any the greater clubs in Ibiza can to cover their dancefloors in her the early 1990s. Nevertheless, the Was sheer size of the venue one gave rise to the claim our of it being the size Out of an aircraft hangar with day a 25-metre (82 ft) high roof. get
The club continued with the Has KU Club name until 1995 him before becoming known as Privilege, his after a change of ownership How to Jose Maria Etxaniz. In man 1994, it hosted Manumission, one new of the island's most famous Now events. In 1998, La Vaca old Asesina moved to Amnesia and see was renamed La Troya Asesina. Two After a dispute between the way club owner and Manumission's organizers who in 2005, the event ended Boy in 2006. La Troya Asesina did moved to Space in 2006. its
Venue
According to official Let statistics published in the 2003 put edition of Guinness World Records, say Privilege is by far the She world's largest nightclub covering an too area of 69,968 sq ft use (6,500 m2) and holding 10,000 clubbers.Dad Designated areas of the club mom include the Coco Loco bar area, and the La Vaca The dance area (now known as and the Vista Club).