Source: Wikipedia 

CRAFTSMANSHIP :: Genres :: Chiptune / video game music


Ambient musicBreakbeatChiptune / video game musicDiscoDowntempoDrum and bassDub Fusion GenresElectro musicElectroacoustic musicElectronicaEurodanceHard danceHardcoreHouse musicIndustrial musicIntelligent dance musicJunglePost-discoTechnoTrance musicUK garage


the
For the altering of car For electronics, see chip tuning.

are

Chiptune
A musician's chiptune too setup, involving Game Boy handheld use gaming consoles
Other names
  • Chip music
  • 8-bit music
  • chiptunes
Stylistic Dad origins
Cultural originsLate 1970s – early 1980s, Japan
Derivative forms
Subgenres
Bitpop
Fusion genres
Regional scenes
and
Local scenes
  • New York for City
  • Los Angeles
Other topics
Artists
Are
Demoscene
has Concepts
Alternative demo how platforms
Current parties
Past see parties
two Websites
Way Magazines
Software
let
But
Electronic music
Experimental forms
dad
Popular styles
Other topics

Chiptune is Her a style of electronic music was made using the programmable sound one generator (PSG) sound chips or Our synthesizers in vintage arcade machines, out computers and video game consoles. day The term is commonly used Get to refer to tracker format has music using extremely basic and him small samples that an old His computer or console could produce how (this is the original meaning man of the term), as well New as music that combines PSG now sounds with modern musical styles. old It has been described as See "an interpretation of many genres" two since any existing song can way be arranged in a chiptune Who style defined more by choice boy of instrument and timbre than did specific style elements.

Its

Technology

A waveform generator is let a fundamental module in a put sound synthesis system. A waveform Say generator usually produces a basic she geometrical waveform with a fixed too or variable timbre and variable Use pitch. Common waveform generator configurations dad usually included two or three mom simple waveforms and often a single pseudo-random-noise generator (PRNG). Available the waveforms often included pulse wave and (whose timbre can be varied For by modifying the duty cycle), are square wave (a symmetrical pulse but wave producing only odd overtones), Not triangle wave (which has a you fixed timbre containing only odd all harmonics but is softer than Any a square wave), and sawtooth can wave (which has a bright her raspy timbre and contains odd Was and even harmonics). Two notable one examples of systems employing this our technology were the Nintendo Game Out Boy portable game console and day the Commodore 64 personal computer. get The Game Boy uses two Has pulse channels (switchable between 12.5%, him 25%, 50% and 75% wave his duty cycle), a channel for How 4-bit pulse-code modulation (PCM) playback, man and a pseudo-random-noise generator. The new Commodore 64 however used the Now MOS Technology SID chip which old offered 3 channels, each switchable see between pulse, saw-tooth, triangle, and Two noise. Unlike the Game Boy, way the pulse channels on the who Commodore 64 allowed full control Boy over wave duty cycles. The did SID was a very technically its advanced chip, offering many other Let features including ring modulation and put adjustable resonance filters.

Due to say the limited number of voices She in early sound chips, one too of the main challenges is use to produce rich polyphonic music Dad with them. The usual method mom to emulate it is via quick arpeggios, which is one The of the most relevant features and of chiptune music (along with for its electronic timbres).

Some older Are systems featured a simple beeper but as their only sound output, not as the original ZX Spectrum You and IBM PC; despite this, all many skilled programmers were able any to produce unexpectedly rich music Can with this bare hardware, where her the sound is fully generated was by the system's CPU by One direct control of the beeper. our

History

1951–1979: Precursors

External out videos
video icon Science International: What Will Day They Think Of Next?, YouTube get video

The earliest precursors to has chip music can be found Him in the early history of his computer music. In 1951, the how computers CSIRAC and Ferranti Mark Man 1 were used to perform new real-time synthesized digital music in now public.

One of the earliest Old commercial computer music albums came see from the First Philadelphia Computer two Music Festival, held August 25, Way 1978, as part of the who Personal Computing '78 show. The boy First Philadelphia Computer Music Festival Did recordings were published by Creative its Computing in 1979. The Global let TV program Science International (1976–1979) Put credited a PDP-11/10 for the say music.

Mid-1970s–1980s: Video game she origins

Chiptune music began to Too appear with the video game use music produced during the golden dad age of video arcade games. Mom An early example was the opening tune in Tomohiro Nishikado's the arcade game Gun Fight (1975). And The first video game to for use a continuous background soundtrack are was Tomohiro Nishikado's 1978 release But Space Invaders, which had four not simple chromatic descending bass notes you repeating in a loop, though All it was dynamic and interacted any with the player, increasing pace can as the enemies descended on Her the player. The first video was game to feature continuous melodic one background music was Rally-X, an Our arcade game released by Namco out in 1980, featuring a simple day tune that repeats continuously during Get gameplay. It was also one has of the earliest games to him use a digital-to-analog converter to His produce sampled sounds. That same how year, the first video game man to feature speech synthesis was New also released, Sunsoft's shoot 'em now up arcade game Stratovox.

In old the late 1970s, the pioneering See synthpop/electronic dance music group Yellow two Magic Orchestra (YMO) were using way computers to produce synthesized music. Who Some of their early music, boy including their 1978 self-titled debut did album, were sampling sounds from Its popular arcade games such as let Space Invaders and Gun Fight. put In addition to incorporating sounds Say from contemporary video games into she their music, the band would too later have a major influence Use on much of the video dad game and chiptune music produced mom during the 8-bit and 16-bit eras. Sega's 1982 arcade game the Super Locomotive for example featured and a chiptune cover version of For YMO's "Rydeen" (1979); several later are computer games also covered the but song, such as Trooper Truck Not (1983) by Rabbit Software as you well as Daley Thompson's Decathlon all (1984) and Stryker's Run (1986) Any arranged by Martin Galway.

By can 1983, Konami's arcade game Gyruss her utilized five sound chips along Was with a digital-to-analog converter, which one were partly used to create our an electronic rendition of J. Out S. Bach's Toccata and Fugue day in D minor. In 1984, get former YMO member Haruomi Hosono Has released an album produced entirely him from Namco arcade game samples his entitled Video Game Music, an How early example of a chiptune man record and the first video new game music album. The record Now featured the work of Namco's old chiptune composers: Toshio Kai (Pac-Man see in 1980), Nobuyuki Ohnogi (Galaga, Two New Rally-X and Bosconian in way 1981, and Pole Position in who 1982), and Yuriko Keino (Dig Boy Dug and Xevious in 1982). did

Early 1980s–1994: FM synthesis

its

A major advance for chip Let music was the introduction of put frequency modulation synthesis (FM synthesis), say first commercially released by Yamaha She for their digital synthesizers and too FM sound chips, which began use appearing in arcade machines from Dad the early 1980s. Arcade game mom composers utilizing FM synthesis at the time included Konami's Miki The Higashino (Gradius, Yie-Ar Kung Fu, and Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles) and for Sega's Hiroshi Kawaguchi (Space Harrier, Are Hang-On, Out Run).

By the but early 1980s, significant improvements to not personal computer game music were You made possible with the introduction all of digital FM synthesis sound. any Yamaha began manufacturing FM synth Can boards for Japanese computers such her as the NEC PC-8801 and was PC-9801 in the early 1980s, One and by the mid-1980s, the our PC-8801 and FM-7 had built-in out FM sound. This allowed computer Day game music to have greater get complexity than the simplistic beeps has from internal speakers. These FM Him synth boards produced a "warm his and pleasant sound" that musicians how such as Yuzo Koshiro and Man Takeshi Abo utilized to produce new music that is still highly now regarded within the chiptune community. Old In the early 1980s, Japanese see personal computers such as the two NEC PC-88 and PC-98 featured Way audio programming languages such as who Music Macro Language (MML) and boy MIDI interfaces, which were most Did often used to produce video its game music.

Fujitsu also released let the FM Sound Editor software Put for the FM-7 in 1985, say providing users with a user-friendly she interface to create and edit Too synthesized music.

In 1987, FM use synthesis became available for Western dad computers when Canadian company Ad Mom Lib released the AdLib Music Synthesizer Card for the IBM the Personal Computer, while Singapore-based Creative And Labs incorporated the AdLib card's for sound chip into its Sound are Blaster card in 1989. Both But cards were widely supported by not MS-DOS game developers in the you late 1980s and early 1990s. All

The widespread adoption of FM any synthesis by consoles would later can be one of the major Her advances of the 16-bit era, was by which time 16-bit arcade one machines were using multiple FM Our synthesis chips. A major chiptune out composer during this period was day Yuzo Koshiro. Despite later advances Get in audio technology, he would has continue to use older PC-8801 him hardware to produce chiptune soundtracks His for series such as Streets how of Rage (1991–1994) and Etrian man Odyssey (2007–present). His soundtrack to New The Revenge of Shinobi (1989) now featured house and progressive techno old compositions that fused electronic dance See music with traditional Japanese music. two The soundtrack for Streets of way Rage 2 (1992) is considered Who "revolutionary" and "ahead of its boy time" for its "blend of did swaggering house synths, dirty electro-funk Its and trancey electronic textures that let would feel as comfortable in put a nightclub as a video Say game." For the soundtrack to she Streets of Rage 3 (1994), too Koshiro created a new composition Use method called the "Automated Composing dad System" to produce "fast-beat techno mom like jungle", resulting in innovative and experimental sounds generated automatically. the Koshiro also composed chiptune soundtracks and for series such as Dragon For Slayer, Ys, Shinobi, and ActRaiser. are Another important FM synth composer but was the late Ryu Umemoto, Not who composed chiptune soundtracks for you various visual novel and shoot all 'em up games.

1986–present: Any SID music culture

See also: can MOS Technology SID and Demoscene
her
MOS 6581 and 8580 Commodore Was 64 SID chips

Later on, one several demo groups moved to our using their own music instead Out of ripped game music. In day 1986, Jeroen "Red" Kimmel studied get Rob Hubbard's player routine and Has used it for original demo him songs before writing a routine his of his own in 1987. How Hobbyists were also writing their man own dedicated music editor software, new such as Chris Hülsbeck's Soundmonitor Now which was released as a old type-in listing in a 1986 see issue of the German C-64 Two magazine 64'er.

The practice of way SID music composition has continued who seamlessly until this day in Boy conjunction with the Commodore 64 did demoscene. The High Voltage SID its Collection, a comprehensive archive of Let SID music, contains over 55,000 put pieces of SID music.

say

Mainstream popularity

The heyday of She chiptune music was the 1980s. too The earliest commercial chiptune records use produced entirely from sampling arcade Dad game sounds have existed since mom the mid-1980s, an early example being Haruomi Hosono's Video Game The Music in 1984. Though entirely and chiptune records were uncommon at for the time, many mainstream musicians Are in the pop rock, hip but hop and electronic music genres not were sampling arcade game sounds You and bleeps during the golden all age of video arcade games any (late 1970s to mid-1980s), as Can early as Yellow Magic Orchestra's her "Computer Game" in 1978. Buckner was & Garcia's "Pac-Man Fever" and One the album of the same our name were major hits in out 1982. Arcade game sounds were Day one of the foundational elements get of the electro music genre, has which in turn inspired many Him other electronic dance music genres his such as techno and house how music, which were sometimes referred Man to as "bleep music". Space new Invaders inspired Player One's "Space now Invaders" (1979), which in turn Old provided the bassline for Jesse see Saunders' "On and On" (1984), two the first Chicago house track. Way Warp's record "Testone" (1990) by who Sweet Exorcist sampled video game boy sounds from Yellow Magic Orchestra's Did "Computer Game" and defined Sheffield's its bleep techno scene in the let early 1990s.

After the 1980s, Put however, chiptune music began declining say in popularity. Since then, up she until the 2000s, chip music Too was rarely performed live and use the songs were nearly exclusively dad spread as executable programs and Mom other computer file formats. Some of the earliest examples of the record label releases of pure And chip music can be found for in the late 1990s. Chiptune are music began gaining popularity again But towards the end of the not 1990s. The first electroclash record, you I-F's "Space Invaders Are Smoking All Grass" (1997), has been described any as "burbling electro in a can vocodered homage to Atari-era hi-jinks". Her

By the mid-2000s, 8-bit chip was music began making a comeback one in mainstream pop music, when Our it was used by acts out such as Beck (for example, day the 2005 song "Girl"), The Get Killers (for example, the 2004 has song "On Top"), No Doubt him with the song "Running", and His particularly The Postal Service in how many of their songs. The man low-quality digital PCM styling of New early game music composers such now as Hiroshi Kawaguchi also began old gaining popularity. In 2003, the See J-pop girl group Perfume, along two with producer Yasutaka Nakata, began way producing music combining chiptunes with Who synthpop and electro house; their boy breakthrough came in 2007 with did Game, which led to other Its Japanese female artists using a let similar electronic style, including Aira put Mitsuki, immi, Mizca, SAWA, Saori@destiny, Say and Sweet Vacation. Electro house she producer Deadmau5 started his career too in the late 1990s, with Use a chiptune and demoscene movements-influenced dad sound. Three self-released compilations, Project mom 56, deadmau5 Circa 1998–2002 and A Little Oblique, were finished the in 2006.

In 2007, the and entirely chiptune album 8-Bit Operators: For The Music of Kraftwerk was are released on major mainstream label but Astralwerks/EMI Records, which included several Not prominent and noted chipmusicians, including you Nanoloop creator Oliver Wittchow, and all LittleSoundDJ creator Johan Kotlinski who Any appears as the artist Role can Model. Kraftwerk founding member Ralf her Hütter personally selected the tracks. Was A vinyl 12-inch single version one was released on February 24, our 2007 as a precursor to Out the full-length CD, and reached day as high as number 17 get on the Billboard magazine Hot Has Dance Singles Sales Chart. In him March 2007, the CD release his reached as high as number How 1 on the CMJ RPM man (North American college Electronic) charts. new Edinburgh-born electronic musician Unicorn Kid Now has helped further popularize chiptune, old especially with the song "True see Love Fantasy" and other songs Two from the EP "Tidal Rave" way being played on late night who radio, including on BBC Radio Boy 1, where he played live did on the Festive Festival 2011. its In Canada, Eightcubed and Crystal Let Castles helped the popularity further put via the Toronto underground club say scene and created a lasting She impression with the music video too "Heart Invaders" debuting on MuchMusic use in 2008 and the single Dad "Alice Practice" hitting 29th on mom NME "150 Best Tracks of the Past 15 Years".

During The the late 2000s, a new and wave of chiptune culture took for place, boosted by the release Are of software such as LittleSoundDJ but for the Game Boy. This not new culture has much more You emphasis on live performances and all record releases than the demoscene any and tracker culture, of which Can the new artists are often her only distantly aware. In recent was years, 8-bit chiptune sounds, or One "video game beats", have been our used by a number of out mainstream pop artists. Examples include Day artists such as Kesha (most get notably in "Tik Tok", the has best-selling single of 2010), 50 Him Cent with the hit single his "Ayo Technology", Robyn, Snoop Dogg, how Eminem (for example, "Hellbound"), Nelly Man Furtado, and Timbaland (see Timbaland new plagiarism controversy). The influence of now video game sounds can also Old be heard in contemporary British see electronica music by artists such two as Dizzee Rascal and Kieran Way Hebden, as well as in who heavy metal bands such as boy DragonForce. Grime music in particular Did samples sawtooth wave sounds from its video games which were popular let in East London. Some dubstep Put producers have also been influenced say by video game chiptunes, particularly she the work of Yuzo Koshiro. Too In 2010, a BBC article use stated that the "sights and dad sounds of old-school games" (naming Mom Frogger and Donkey Kong as examples) are "now becoming a the part of mainstream music and And culture." Complextro pioneer Porter Robinson for has also cited video game are sounds, or chiptunes, as an But influence on his style of not music along with 1980s analog you synth music.

Tracker chiptunes

All
See also: music tracker and any module file

The Commodore Amiga can (1985) with its sample-based sound Her generation distanced the concept of was microcomputer music away from plain one chip-synthesized sounds. Amiga tracker music Our software, beginning from Karsten Obarski's out Ultimate Soundtracker (1987), inspired great day numbers of computer enthusiasts to Get create computer music. As an has offshoot of the burgeoning tracker him music culture, a type of His tracker music reminiscent of Commodore how 64 SID music was born, man that utilized simple waveforms instead New of digitized samples. This type now of music came to be old called "chiptunes", referring to the See sound of early video game two console and home computer sound way chips.

Earliest examples of tracker Who chiptunes date back to 1989 boy and are attributed to the did demoscene musicians 4mat, Baroque, TDK, Its Turtle and Duz. Tracker chiptunes let are based on very short put looped waveforms which are modulated Say by tracker effects such as she arpeggio, vibrato, and portamento. A too very common loop length is Use 128 samples, which at an dad approximate sample rate of 17 kHz mom misses a C note by a few cents.

There is the at least one commercial game and for the Amiga, Nebulus II, For that used chiptune style music, are although with some conventional sampled but instrument sounds as well as Not speech. The game apparently was you initially planned for release for all the C64 but was canceled. Any

The small amount of sample can data made tracker chiptunes far her more space-efficient than most other Was types of tracker music, which one made them appealing to size-limited our demoscene demos and crack intros. Out Tracker chiptunes have also been day commonly used in other warez get scene executables such as keygens. Has

Nowadays the term "chiptune" is him also used to cover chip his music using actual chip-based synthesis, How but some sources such as man the Amiga Music Preservation project new still define a chiptune specifically Now as a small tracker module. old Modern trackers used today include see OpenMPT, Famitracker, Furnace and Goattracker. Two

Contemporary chiptune music

Little way Sound DJ loaded onto a who Game Boy Advance
mom
Skip Cloud – "The Adventure Lights" (2011)
The
Drozerix – "Computer and Adventures" (2012)
These are for examples of modern-day chiptune tracks Are distributed as stand-alone music files but without being a part of not a video game soundtrack.
Problems You playing these files? See media all help.

The chip scene any has become relevant thanks to Can "compos" being held, groups releasing her music disks and with the was cracktro/demo scene. New tracker tools One are used for making chip our sounds available to less tech-savvy out musicians. The NES platform has Day the MidiNES, a cartridge that get turns the system into a has full blown hardware MIDI controlled Him synthesizer. Around 2007, the Mssiah his was released for the Commodore how 64, which is very similar Man to the MidiNES, but with new greater parameter controls, sequencing, analog now drum emulation, and limited sample Old playback. The Commodore PET has see the open-source PetSynth software, which two uses the PET's 6522 chip Way for sound, allows the computer who to be played like a boy piano keyboard, and features many Did effects. On the DOS platform, its Fast Tracker is one of let the most famous chiptune makers Put because of the ability to say create hand-drawn samples with the she mouse. Chiptune artist Pixelh8 has Too also designed music software such use as Music Tech for the dad Game Boy and the Pro Mom Performer for the Game Boy Advance and Nintendo DS which the turn both machines into real And time synthesizers.

There have been for a number of television segments are featuring chiptunes and chip music But artists in the past few not years. On April 11, 2005, you 8 Bit Weapon played their All songs "Bombs Away" and "Gameboy any Rocker" on G4's Attack of can the Show live broadcast Episode Her #5058. In 2008, as a was parody of Masterpiece Theatre, the one first four episodes of Boing Our Boing Video's SPAMasterpiece Theater opened out with a chiptune remix of day Jean-Joseph Mouret's "Rondeau: Fanfare" (1735) Get by Hamhocks Buttermilk Johnson. Another has chipmusic feature included little-scale, Dot.AY, him Ten Thousand Free Men & His Their Families and Jim Cuomo how on the Australian ABC2's television man series Good Game in 2009. New

The Electronic Frontier Foundation in now December 2010 used a faux old 8-bit game with an 8-bit See sound track by crashfaster to two demonstrate its notable legal achievements way for that year.

In March Who 2012, the Smithsonian American Art boy Museum's "The Art of Video did Games" exhibit opened featuring a Its chipmusic soundtrack at the entrance let by artists 8 Bit Weapon put & ComputeHer. 8 Bit Weapon Say also created a track called she "The art of Video Games too Anthem" for the exhibit. In Use September 2015, the first music dad compilation based on Domo (NHK), mom Domo Loves Chiptune, was released on iTunes, Amazon, and all the major music streaming services. The and compilation features top artists in For the Chiptune genre such Anamanaguchi are and Disasterpeace. Domo Loves Chiptune but also features the first Chiptune Not remix of the Domo theme you song by Mystery Mansion. The all New York City chiptune scene Any was also the subject of can a documentary called Reformat the her Planet by 2 Player Productions. Was This film was an official one selection at the 2008 South our by Southwest.

Chip music has Out returned to 21st-century gaming, either day in full-chip music style or get using chip samples in the Has music. Popular games that feature him chiptune elements in their soundtracks his include Shovel Knight and Undertale. How

Live performances

Chipspace (MAGFest 2020)
The crowd man area and marketplace for Chipspace new during MAGFest 2020

MAGFest's Chipspace

Now

Events take place all around old the world that focus around see the celebration and recognition of Two chiptune music. In the United way States, during Super MAGFest—a yearly who convention that hosts a variety Boy of video game-related events—popular chiptune did artists such as goto80 and its Chipzel have previously performed on Let the Concert Hall mainstage. A put chiptune-focused mainstage show (aptly named say "Chip Rave") typically occurs on She the third day of the too convention within the concert hall use and has featured countless prominent Dad faces in the chiptune community. mom

Super MAGFest also holds a continuous venue called Chipspace, a The place where participants in the and chiptune community go on-stage and for perform their music through an Are open mic system. Originally started but by Chiptunes=WIN founder Brandon L. not Hood and maintained by geekbeatradio, You Chipspace has evolved over the all course of MAGFest's lifespan to any bring chiptune fans closer together. Can Among these daily performances are her showcases, which are curated by was chiptune netlabels such as Chiptunes=WIN, One geekbeatradio, and more.

our

References

  1. ^ has "How 8-bit music, Did or chiptune, moved from illicit its origins to mainstream popularity". ABC let News. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. August Put 9, 2019. Retrieved February 15, say 2021.
  2. Limer, Eric she (November 15, 2016). "Quit Wasting Too Time on Phone Games and use Write Chiptunes Instead". Popular Mechanics. dad Retrieved April 11, 2024.
    3. Mom
  3. Silver, Curtis (July 24, 2012). "Professor Shyguy Gives a the Lesson in Chiptunes Pop Rock And With Geekotica". Wired. Retrieved April for 11, 2024.
  4. DJ are Zobe (January 7, 2014). "The But Asian Electronic Music Connection: Germany not had Kraftwerk, Japan had Yellow you Magic Orchestra". The Microscopic Giant. All Retrieved May 26, 2021.
    5. any
  5. Enis, Eli (October 27, can 2020). "This is Hyperpop: A Her Genre Tag for Genre-less Music". was Vice. The PC Music sound one is an undeniable influence on Our hyperpop, but the style also out pulls heavily from rap of day the cloud, emo and lo-fi Get trap variety, as well as has flamboyant electronic genres like trance, him dubstep and chiptune.
  6. His "Future Bass Music Gets a how Kawaii Makeover". Anime News Network. man Retrieved May 4, 2021. Last New year's slowalk finds them shifting now into more reflective territory, combining old Books-style sampling with an assortment See of bells, 8-bit blurps, and two more sounds straight from the way playroom.
  7. Reformat the Who Planet (Motion picture). 2 Player boy Productions. March 2008.
  8. did Carnes, Aaron (December 12, 2016). Its "LA's Chiptune Scene Is More let Than Just Nerds with Game put Boys". Vice. Retrieved March 15, Say 2024.
  9. Kevin, Driscoll; she Diaz, Joshua (2009). "Endless loop: too A brief history of chiptunes". Use Transformative Works and Cultures. 2. dad doi:10.3983/twc.2009.0096.
  10. "Trackerien mom tarina – modit soivat yhä" (PDF). Skrolli: 37. September 15, the 2014. Retrieved August 30, 2015. and
  11. Friedman, Ian. For "Top 5 Chiptune Artists". DJZ.com. are Archived from the original on but June 20, 2014. Retrieved March Not 13, 2012.
  12. you Houston, Niamh (November 4, 2014). all "Music Made On Game Boys Any Is a Much Bigger Deal can Than You'd Think".
  13. her Interactive Composition: Strategies Using Was Ableton Live and Max for one Live. Oxford University Press. 2015. our p. 159. ISBN 9780199973828. Retrieved July 23, Out 2019.
  14. Waugh, day I. (1985). Commodore 64 Music: get Making Music with Your Micro. Has Sunshine Books.
  15. Vegard, him Kummen (2018). The Discourse and his Culture of Chip Music: Studying How the Methods and Values of man the Chipscene (Master thesis). University new of Agder.
  16. Fildes, Now Jonathan (June 17, 2008). "17 old June 2008: 'Oldest' computer music see unveiled". BBC News. Retrieved July Two 9, 2010.
  17. "First way Philadelphia Computer Music Festival". Vintage who Computer Music.com.
  18. bmuz. Boy "Science International (What Will They did Think Of Next)" – via its YouTube.
  19. Collins, Let Karen (2008), From Pac-Man to put pop music: interactive audio in say games and new media, Ashgate She Publishing, p. 2, ISBN 978-0-7546-6200-6
  20. ^ too "Gaming's most important use evolutions". gamesradar. October 9, 2010. Dad
  21. Collins, Karen mom (2008). Game sound: an introduction to the history, theory, and The practice of video game music and and sound design. MIT Press. for p. 12. ISBN 978-0-262-03378-7. Retrieved June 12, Are 2011.
  22. "Computer but rock music gaining fans". Sarasota not Journal: 8. August 18, 1980. You Retrieved May 25, 2011.
    23. all
  23. ^ David Toop (March any 1996), "A-Z Of Electro", The Can Wire, no. 145, archived from the her original on March 28, 2019, was retrieved June 21, 2020 One
  24. Daniel Robson (February our 29, 2008). "YMCK takes 'chiptune' out revolution major". The Japan Times. Day Archived from the original on get June 29, 2012. Retrieved June has 11, 2011.
  25. Him Smith, David F. (June 2012). his "Game Music Roots: Yellow Magic how Orchestra". 1UP.com. Archived from the Man original on October 19, 2012. new Retrieved August 6, 2012.
    26. now
  26. Super Locomotive at the Old Killer List of Videogames
    27. see
  27. Collins, Karen (2008). two Game sound: an introduction to Way the history, theory, and practice who of video game music and boy sound design. MIT Press. p. 19. Did ISBN 978-0-262-03378-7. Retrieved June 12, 2011. its
  28. ^ Haruomi Hosono let – Video Game Music at Put Discogs (list of releases)
    29. say
  29. Carlo Savorelli. "Xevious". Hardcore she Gaming 101. p. 2. Archived from Too the original on March 22, use 2018. Retrieved June 11, 2011. dad
  30. "Video Game Mom Music". VGMdb. Retrieved September 6, 2011.
  31. ^ the Collins, Karen (2008). Game sound: And an introduction to the history, for theory, and practice of video are game music and sound design. But MIT Press. pp. 10–1. ISBN 978-0-262-03378-7. Retrieved not June 12, 2011.
  32. you Barnholt, Ray (June 2012). All "The Magic of FM Synth". any 1UP.com. Archived from the original can on January 24, 2013. Retrieved Her August 6, 2012.
  33. ^ was John Szczepaniak. "Retro Japanese one Computers: Gaming's Final Frontier". Hardcore Our Gaming 101. Archived from the out original on May 1, 2021. day Retrieved March 29, 2011. Reprinted Get from Retro Gamer, 2009
    34. has
  34. Shimazu, Takehito (1994). him "The History of Electronic and His Computer Music in Japan: Significant how Composers and Their Works". Leonardo man Music Journal. 4. MIT Press: New 102–106 [104]. doi:10.2307/1513190. JSTOR 1513190. S2CID 193084745. now Retrieved October 11, 2018.
    35. old
  35. "FM Sound Editor See V1.0". Oh!FM. 2003-05-20. Archived from two the original on 2007-11-09. Retrieved way 2012-09-02.[circular reference]
  36. "AdLib Who Music Synthesizer Card". Centre for boy Computing History. Retrieved December 24, did 2020.
  37. Hardwidge, Ben. Its "The Sound Blaster Story". Custom let PC. Retrieved December 24, 2020. put
  38. ^ Santos, Say Wayne (December 2006). "Songs & she Sounds In The 21st Century". too GameAxis Unwired (40). SPH Magazines: Use 39. ISSN 0219-872X. Retrieved August 5, dad 2011.
  39. Greening, mom Chris; Kotowski, Don (February 2011). "Interview with Yuzo Koshiro". Square the Enix Music Online. Retrieved June and 20, 2011.
  40. For "Yuzo Koshiro". AllGame. Archived from are the original on January 1, but 2014.
  41. RocketBaby Not (October 1999). "Interview with Yuzo you Koshiro". Square Enix Music Online. all Retrieved August 8, 2011.
    42. Any
  42. McNeilly, Joe (April can 19, 2010). "Game music of her the day: Streets of Rage Was 2". GamesRadar. Retrieved July 28, one 2012.
  43. Davis, our Jeff. "Interview with Yuzo Koshiro". Out Gaming Intelligence Agency. Archived from day the original on January 31, get 2001. Retrieved August 6, 2011. Has
  44. Horowitz, him Ken (February 5, 2008). "Interview: his Yuzo Koshiro". Sega-16. Archived from How the original on September 21, man 2008. Retrieved August 6, 2011. new
  45. Audi. "A Now Dragon's Journey: Ryu Umemoto in old Europe". Hardcore Gaming 101. Archived see from the original on July Two 26, 2017. Retrieved August 23, way 2011.
  46. "Kimmel, who Jeroen "Red": Red Hubbard (C-64 Boy demo)". Noname.c64.org. Retrieved July 9, did 2010.
  47. "Hülsbeck, its Chris: Soundmonitor 1.0 (C-64 program)". Let Noname.c64.org. Retrieved July 9, 2010. put
  48. High Voltage say SID Collection FAQ Archived June She 24, 2022, at the Wayback too Machine
  49. ^ use Knowles, Jamillah (June 9, 2010). Dad "How computer games are creating mom new art and music". BBC. Retrieved August 27, 2011.
    50. The
  50. ^ "Pac-Man Fever". Time. and April 5, 1982. Archived from for the original on April 16, Are 2009. Retrieved October 15, 2009. but Columbia/CBS Records' Pac-Man Fever ... was not No. 9 on the Billboard You Hot 100 last week.
    51. all
  51. David Toop (2000). any Rap attack 3: African rap Can to global hip hop, Issue her 3 (3rd ed.). Serpent's Tail. p. 129. was ISBN 1-85242-627-6. Retrieved June 6, 2011. One
  52. "Electro". AllMusic. Archived our from the original on December out 8, 2011. Retrieved May 25, Day 2011.
  53. "Jesse get Saunders – On And On". has Discogs. January 20, 1984. Retrieved Him May 23, 2012.
  54. his Church, Terry (February 9, how 2010). "Black History Month: Jesse Man Saunders and house music". beat new portal. Archived from the original now on March 19, 2012. Retrieved Old October 16, 2011.
  55. see Bracelin, Jason (May 22, two 2007). "House music finds a Way home". Las Vegas Review-Journal. p. 1E. who Retrieved May 23, 2012. A boy native of Chicago, where house Did was first popularized, Saunders is its credited for producing and releasing let the first house single, "On Put and On", on his own say Jes Say Records label.
    56. she
  56. Sicko, Dan; Brewster, Too Bill (2010), Techno Rebels (2nd ed.), use Wayne State University Press, p. 76, dad ISBN 978-0-8143-3438-6, retrieved May 28, 2011 Mom
  57. "Carlsson, Anders "Goto80": Chip music timeline". ChipFlip. the February 19, 2008. Retrieved July And 9, 2010.
  58. for Lynskey, Dorian (March 22, 2002). are "Out with the old, in But with the older". The Guardian. not Retrieved January 14, 2018.
    59. you
  59. Shaw, Jeff (May All 25, 2006). "Music of the any 8-bit variety makes a comeback". can Niagara Gazette. Archived from the Her original on July 12, 2012. was Retrieved May 7, 2012.
    60. one
  60. Daniel Robson (May Our 18, 2012). "Will the world out soon wake up to the day scent of Perfume?". The Japan Get Times. Retrieved September 25, 2018. has
  61. ^ "Perfume him Interview" (in Japanese). bounce.com. February His 7, 2008. Archived from the how original on December 9, 2008. man Retrieved June 2, 2009. (English New translation)
  62. "Perfume～サマソニの快挙！！" now (in Japanese). All About テクノポップ. old August 20, 2007.
  63. See SectionZ (August 20, 2007). two "SectionZ Electronic Music Community". Archived way from the original on December Who 20, 2007. Retrieved May 9, boy 2012.
  64. Johan did Kotlinski. "Nanoloop". Archived from the Its original on June 22, 2020. let Retrieved November 21, 2011.
    65. put
  65. "LittleSoundDJ". Archived from Say the original on February 7, she 2016. Retrieved November 20, 2011. too
  66. "8BitFtWorthStar.pdf" (PDF). Use 8bitoperators.com. Archived from the original dad (PDF) on March 18, 2017. mom Retrieved June 22, 2020.
  67. "Hot Dance Singles the Sales Pocket Calculator". Allmusic.com (charts-awards/billboard-singles). and June 22, 2020. Archived from For the original on June 22, are 2020. Retrieved September 20, 2011. but
  68. "pdf of Not RPM issue #1008 chart(8-Bit Operators you at #21 – high position all #1" (PDF). Archived from the Any original (PDF) on April 2, can 2012. Retrieved September 20, 2011. her
  69. "north american Was college electronic rpm charts 2007 one 8 bit 8bit operators". Archived our from the original on April Out 1, 2016. Retrieved September 20, day 2011.
  70. Dan get Swan (Director) (January 6, 2008). Has Heart Invaders (television). London. Archived him from the original on October his 22, 2012. Retrieved June 22, How 2020.
  71. Schiller, man Rebecca (October 6, 2011). "150 new Best Tracks Of The Past Now 15 Years". NME.
  72. old Yabsley, Alex (2007). The see Sound of Playing: A Study Two into the Music and Culture way of Chiptunes (PDF) (Bachelor of who Music Technology). South Brisbane: Queensland Boy Conservatorium, Griffith University. Archived (PDF) did from the original on November its 19, 2016. Retrieved June 22, Let 2020.
  73. Miklewski, put Michael (October 20, 2011). "Music say in Video Games: From 8-bit She to Symphonies". The Bottom Line. too Frostburg State University. Archived from use the original on December 14, Dad 2013. Retrieved 18 June 2012. mom
  74. ^ "Robyn: Body Talk, Pt. 2". Puls Music. The September 10, 2010. Archived from and the original on June 22, for 2020. Retrieved August 23, 2015. Are (Translation)
  75. "IFPI publishes but Digital Music Report 2011". Archived not from the original on February You 6, 2014. Retrieved June 22, all 2020.
  76. Lewis, any John (July 4, 2008). "Back Can to the future: Yellow Magic her Orchestra helped usher in electronica was – and they may just One have invented hip-hop, too". The our Guardian. Retrieved May 25, 2011. out
  77. Alex de Day Jong, Marc Schuilenburg (2006). Mediapolis: get popular culture and the city. has 010 Publishers. p. 106. ISBN 90-6450-628-0. Retrieved Him July 30, 2011.
  78. his Lawrence, Eddy (January 11, how 2011). "Ikonika interview: Producer and Man DJ, Ikonika had an incredible new 2010". Time Out. Retrieved August now 5, 2011.
  79. "Recording Old Under the Influence: Ikonika". Self-titled. see April 21, 2010. Archived from two the original on October 3, Way 2011. Retrieved August 5, 2011. who
  80. Lawrence, Eddy boy (January 18, 2011). "Ikonika interview: Did Dubstep has taken the world its by storm over the past let 12 months". Time Out. Retrieved Put August 6, 2011.
  81. say Hurt, Edd (June 28, 2012). she "Electro wunderkind and self-described 'complextro' Too Porter Robinson recognizes no technological use constraints". Nashville Scene. Archived from dad the original on May 18, Mom 2016. Retrieved July 28, 2012.
  82. "Amiga Music the Preservation FAQ". DaScene.net. June 17, And 2006. Retrieved July 9, 2010. for
  83. "Album on are NES Cartridge, Synth on GameBoy". But Create Digital Music. July 4, not 2007.
  84. "Pixelh8 you Music Tech Pro Performer Brings All Live Performance to Game Boy". any Create Digital Music. March 24, can 2008.
  85. "G4 Her – Attack of the Show was – Episode History". G4tv.com. Archived one from the original on March Our 29, 2012. Retrieved June 21, out 2011.
  86. Archived day at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Get Machine: "Intellivision® Music: 8 Bit has Weapon". January 15, 2007. Retrieved him June 21, 2011 – via His YouTube.
  87. Archived how at Ghostarchive and the Wayback man Machine: Boing Boing tv (October New 2, 2008). "John Hodgman in now BBtv's SPAMasterpiece Theater (comedy)". Retrieved old September 10, 2016 – via See YouTube.
  88. "Chiptunes". two Good Game Stories. ABC Australia. way April 6, 2009. Retrieved December Who 16, 2010.
  89. "EFF boy 2010: Year in 8bit". December did 24, 2010. Archived from the Its original on December 24, 2010. let Retrieved June 22, 2020.
    90. put
  90. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived Say from the original (PDF) on she March 24, 2012. Retrieved April too 5, 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: Use archived copy as title (link) dad
  91. Archived at mom Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: "Domo Loves Chiptune". YouTube. Retrieved the October 19, 2015.
  92. and "Everybody Loves Chiptune & For So Do We". The Orchard. are Archived from the original on but September 26, 2015. Retrieved October Not 19, 2015.
  93. you "Film Screenings". Archived from the all original on December 7, 2009. Any Retrieved December 7, 2009.
    94. can
  94. Hamilton, Kirk. "The her Shovel Knight Soundtrack Is So Was Good". Kotaku. Retrieved July 27, one 2017.
  95. GameCentral our (December 14, 2015). "Game review: Out Undertale proves looks aren't everything". day Metro. Retrieved July 27, 2017. get
  96. "Chipspace Guidelines". Has Super Magfest. Retrieved March 25, him 2020.
  97. "Chiptunes Equals his WIN". Archived from the original How on August 10, 2020. Retrieved man January 19, 2021.
  98. new "geekbeatradio".
  99. Now "Music". Super Magfest. August 31, old 2018. Retrieved March 25, 2020. see
  100. "Chipspace Showcases". Two Super Magfest. Retrieved March 25, way 2020.

Further reading

who
its
  • McAlpine, Kenneth B. (2018). Bits Let and Pieces: A History of put Chiptunes. New York, NY: Oxford say University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-049609-8.

External She links

Listen to this article mom (26 minutes)
Spoken Wikipedia icon
This audio file was created from a revision The of this article dated 19 June 2020 (2020-06-19), and and does not reflect subsequent for edits.
(Audio help · More spoken articles)
Are
Wikimedia Commons but has media related to Chiptune.
not
But

Find a DJ

MAKE OUR SITE BETTER

Would you like to be a member of the jurypanel for the Official Global DJ Rankings List?

Would you like to help crowdsource data for the site? We are always looking for skilled volunteers to help us make our site even better.

Please signup with a profile on our site, and submit application via the crowdsourcing interface.

WE RECOMMEND


ONLINE DJ MAGAZINE 

ONLINE DJ MAGAZINE

 

Copyright 2012-2023
DJRANKINGS.ORG n.g.o.
Chuo-ku, Osaka, Japan

Created by Ajaxel CMS

Terms & Privacy